Lab Handout #1. See
Attached Worksheet: Rydberg Constant.
A. USING FORMULAS TO PROCESS DATA.
1. Start Excel. A work sheet with cells will appear. Leave the first two
or three rows blank. In the first column enter the integers n = 3,4, and 5.
2. In the second column, enter your three values of wavelength: 0.000000621, 0.00000046,
0.000000409 (If you want to use scientific notation, do this by selecting the first three
cells [by holding down the mouse and dragging.] Then click Format on tool bar, then click
Cells, then click Scientific, and select two decimal places. Then enter in the first three
cells of the second column: 6.21E-07, 4.60E-07, and 4.09E-07.)
3. On the third column, enter = (1/4) - (1/A5^2) in the highest cell for your column,
enter = (1/4) - (1/A6^2) in the next cell, enter =
(1/4) - (1/A7^2) in the next cell.
4. On the fourth column, enter =1/B5 in the highest cell for your column, enter =1/B6 in
the next cell, enter =1/B7 in the next cell.
B. CREATION OF LINE CHART
Your worksheet columns should appear as below:
3 |
0.000000621 |
0.138889 |
1610306 |
4 |
0.00000046 |
0.1875 |
2173913 |
5 |
0.000000409 |
0.21 |
2444988 |
5. Select the last two columns above
(by holding down the mouse and
dragging from the upper left hand corner to the lower right hand corner of the array of
cells.) Click the Chart Wizard icon on the tool bar ---three, small vertical
bars----blue, yellow and red.(Note: If you cannot see the Chart Wizard icon, click View,
click Toolbars, then click Standard. You can also start the Chart Wizard by clicking
Insert and then clicking Chart
)
6. The Chart Wizard Step 1 of 4 dialog box appears. Under the Chart
Type window select "XY (Scatter)." In the Chart sub-type
window select
"Scatter. Compares pairs of values." Click NEXT>.
7.The Chart Wizard Step 2 of 4 dialog box appears. A graph of your three data
points should appear. Click NEXT>.
8.The Chart Wizard Step 3 of 4 dialog box appears.
(a) Click the Titles tab is if is not already selected. On the Chart
Title line, type "Rydberg Constant---Practice." On the Value(X) axis line, type
(1/4)- (1/n^2). On the Value (Y) axis line, type 1/lambda. (b)Click the gridlines
tab. Under Value (X) axis, select "Major gridlines." Under value (Y) axis,
select "Major gridlines." Click NEXT>.
9. The Chart Wizard Step 4 of 4 dialog box appears. Under "Place chart,"
select "as object in sheet 1." (Sheet 1 is the default title of the work sheet
you opened in Excel.) Click FINISH.
10. A graph should appear in the worksheet with your three data points. Note: You can
click inside the chart and drag it to a more convenient position on the work sheet if
necessary. Note: If you make a mistake on these options after the
chart is created, you can edit by right clicking the chart. Then on the pop up menu, click
Chart Type or Chart Options to make the changes.
11. Place the mouse pointer on a data point and RIGHT CLICK the point. A pop up menu
appears. Click "Add trend line." The Add Trendline dialog box appears. Click the
Type tab if it is not already selected and select "LINEAR." Click the Options
tab and put a check mark next to "display equation on chart." Click OK.
12. Your chart should display a best-fit line through your 3 points, and a trendline label
with the line equation. To move the label, select it and drag it to a more convenient
location.(It is also helpful to select the series 1 legend next to your line graph and
press the delete key to remove this legend from your chart. It takes up needless space.) Note:
You can modify the trendline. Just double click the line and make the changes you want in
the Format Trendline dialog box. You can also change the trendline label. Just double
click the equation and change the font, or change the way the numbers are displayed.
13. Save your worksheet on a floppy disk. To print out, select the cells covering the rows
of data and the chart. Select Print under the file menu and check "print
selection"; A print out of the page with everything mentioned should result. |